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Legal Regulation of the Special Instruments of the Air Protection
Filípek, Zdeněk ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Fabšíková, Tereza (referee)
Legal Regulation of the Special Instruments of the Air Protection The topic of this diploma thesis is special instruments of the air protection. In the first chapter the author deals with air protection from a more general point of view. First, he places air protection legislation in the system of Czech law and then mentions the history of this legislation in the Czech territory. This history goes back to the 1950s. The importance of air protection and its perception in society has changed considerably over the years. At the end of the first chapter, the author also mentions the protection of the Earth's ozone layer and the protection of the Earth's climate system, topics that are also related to the release of pollutants into the air. The next chapter focuses on the National Emissions Reduction Programme of the Czech Republic. The National Emission Reduction Programme has its origins in European law. It consists of an analysis of pollution and pollution levels, scenarios for the development of the situation, the objectives of the programme, a description of specific measures and their expected benefits, the responsible authorities and indicators for assessing the implementation of the programme. Air quality improvement programmes are the subject of the third chapter. Theoretically, they should...
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As dust elements endanger health in Ostrava and surroundings
PURMENSKÝ, Roman
The environment is a very significant factor in our everyday lives from the aspect of impact on health. It affects us at work and in the home. From the aspect of atmospheric quality the condition of the environment in the Czech Republic is not very good and represents a serious problem in the Moravian-Silesian Region. Air-borne dust in particular is a very significant pollutant in the city of Ostrava. This work is concerned with atmospheric quality, particularly dust particles, in Ostrava. The work is divided into a theoretical and empirical section. The theoretical section begins with a brief presentation of the history of Ostrava City. I subsequently discuss the quality of the atmosphere throughout the whole Moravian-Silesian Region. The next chapter is specifically about the solid pollutants, which can be found in the atmosphere. This chapter also specifies the health risks, what causes the harmful effect, describes classification of dust particles depending on harmful component content, division of dust fractions into PM10 and PM 2,5 and describes the main sources of PM10 and PM 2,5 dust fractions. The next chapter is titled: Toxicologically significant substances bound to solid particles. One sub-chapter covers the group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which includes the significant atmospheric pollutant called benzo(a)pyrene. The second sub-chapter covers the group of heavy metals and their characteristics with a description of their key harmful effects on human health. The next chapter, called measuring methods for PM10 fractions, covers classification of measuring methods for automated and manual metering stations. The following chapter discusses legislation concerning air-borne dust. The legislation is divided into two key Czech laws concerning protection of the atmosphere and additional European guidelines. After this chapter we mention the specific stations examining the quality of the atmosphere in Ostrava. The following stations were selected: Station Fifedy, Station Mariánské Hory, Station Zábřeh, Station Přívoz and Station Bartovice ? Radvanice. These metering stations are distributed throughout the territory of the city of Ostrava, thus providing results on concentrations of air-borne dust, which occurred during the period from 2006 to 2011 throughout the territory of Ostrava. Further chapters were devoted to emission limits for protection of human health and the maximum amounts by which these could be exceeded. The emission limits for specific pollutants over 24 hours and 1 calendar year are given in this chapter. The last chapter in the theoretical section is concerned with the smog situation and the conditions for announcing and ending a smog situation. The research or empirical section assesses the results of research, which focused on individuals living within Ostrava City and their awareness of the harmful dust. The results of the questionnaire survey are graphically portrayed in the results chapter. The results of measurements taken by the Czech Hydro-meteorology Office of PM10 dust fractions for the period between 2007 and 2011 are also processed here. These results are processed into tables for individual years with added with graphic portrayal. I used the questionnaire method for my quantitative research. This contained 19 questions and was distributed to 200 respondents, of which 106 were men and 94 were women. I used secondary data analysis for my additional research, which concerned dust particles. I believe that this work will be useful for offices in the field of communication with citizens, or it can be provided to citizens to read and to inform them of the problems concerning the atmosphere in Ostrava. I also believe that it may be recommended for reading by other towns and cities, which have problems with increased dust pollution.
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